“What is different about Iran? It is the only state that has legalised the sale of kidneys.”

Since the bombardment of Iran by Israel and the USA has begun it seems likely that the international trade in spare part human kidneys will be impacted. In a supply and demand world removal of a major supplier is likely to have knock on impacts on the global price of a transplant kidney.

When the first bombs started falling I doubt they considered the impact on the price of an accelerated bespoke kidney transplant for the discerning and well-heeled consumer. There will be an embargo on Iran sponsored kidney transplants for the short term. Air space will be closed. Given large scale destruction by ordnance the kidney transplant industry may be set back many years.

“We do not want Iran to have a kidney transplant industry..” said an Israeli with knowledge of the matter and on strict grounds of anonymity.

This means that I might be able to get more for one of my kidneys…

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Kidney International Volume 69, Issue 6 , p960-962 March 02, 2006

Continuous growth of the end stage renal disease population treated by dialysis, outpaces deceased donor kidneys available, lengthens the waiting time for a deceased donor transplant. As estimated by the United States Department of Health & Human Services: ‘17 people die each day waiting for transplants that can’t take place because of the shortage of donated organs.’ Strategies to expand the donor pool – public relations campaigns and Drivers’ license designation – have been mainly unsuccessful. Although illegal in most nations, and viewed as unethical by professional medical organizations, the voluntary sale of purchased donor kidneys now accounts for thousands of black market transplants. The case for legalizing kidney purchase hinges on the key premise that individuals are entitled to control of their body parts even to the point of inducing risk of life. One approach to expanding the pool of kidney donors is to legalize payment of a fair market price of about $40 000 to donors. Establishing a federal agency to manage marketing and purchase of donor kidneys in collaboration with the United Network for Organ Sharing might be financially self-sustaining as reduction in costs of dialysis balances the expense of payment to donors.

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Should we sell our kidneys? The Guardian

Right now, about 7,000 people are awaiting a kidney transplant in the UK. According to NHS figures, in 2024/25 only 3,302 adult kidney transplants were performed. The charity Kidney Research UK states that “just 32% of patients receive a transplant within a year of joining the waiting list and six people die every week while waiting.”

People who experience kidney failure need either lifelong dialysis or a transplant to survive. Yet even for those lucky enough to get a transplant, that is by no means the end of the story. Kidneys from deceased donors last an average of 10 to 15 years, those from a living person 20 to 25. If (or rather, when) a transplant fails, the affected patient once again needs dialysis or a donated organ.

The UK is not unusual in having far more people who need kidneys than there are kidneys available. Every country in the world has this problem. With one exception: Iran.

What is different about Iran? It is the only state that has legalised the sale of kidneys. This began in 1988, and means the country has no waiting lists. You can expect to pay about $5,000 for a new kidney, subject to a price cap adjusted for inflation and enforced by the government. (By contrast, a kidney bought on the black market elsewhere can cost up to $120,000.) The proceeds go to the donor, who can be a friend or family relative, or just somebody who needs the money and happens to be a biological match. Indeed, in Iran most people who donate kidneys have no direct relation to the person receiving the organ. They are just doing it for the cash.

{https://www.theguardian.com/books/2026/jan/25/should-we-sell-our-kidneys}

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Nature Reviews Nephrology volume 5, page 605 (2009)

The price of a kidney

Two high-profile stories in US newspapers this year have prompted the media to ask whether the illegal sale of human organs in the US is more common than previously thought. In the first case, a New York City resident was arrested for trying to orchestrate the sale of a human kidney to an undercover FBI agent for US$160,000. The second story was of an Israeli man who flew to New York to donate his kidney in exchange for $20,000. These stories underscore the desperation of patients in need of a donor organ and the need to reduce the number of patients on transplant waiting lists. The methods to achieve this goal are severalfold and include increasing the number of live kidney donors, increasing deceased donation, and preventing the development of renal failure in the first instance.

Each day in the US, 17 people die waiting for a transplant. Although in the majority of countries, the selling of an organ is illegal, according to the WHO, 5–10% of all transplanted kidneys are purchased. The shortage of transplantable organs undoubtedly fuels the demand for illegally sourced organs. Critics of legislation in the US and most other countries argue that the legalization of kidney sales could increase donation and survival rates for patients on waiting lists. Several models of such regulation have been proposed—typically they involve the payment of a fixed sum to the donor, long-term follow-up and life insurance benefits. However, although a regulated system of organ sales could, in theory, enable follow-up and provision of adequate health care for kidney donors, this notion is at odds with the social and medical capabilities of many developing countries.

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Black Market Kidneys, $160,000 a Pop

By Edecio Martinez  CBS News

July 27, 2009 / 8:15 AM EDT / CBS News

NEWARK, New Jersey (AP)

Levy Izhak Rosenbaum of Brooklyn called himself a “matchmaker,” but his business wasn’t romance.

Instead, authorities say, he brokered the sale of black-market kidneys, buying organs from vulnerable people from Israel for $10,000 and selling them to desperate patients in the United States for as much as $160,000.

The alleged decade-long scheme, exposed last week by an FBI sting, rocked the nation’s transplant industry. If true, it would be the first documented case of organ trafficking in the U.S., transplant experts said Friday.

“There’s certainly cross-national activity, but it hasn’t touched the United States or we haven’t known about it until now,” said University of Pennsylvania medical ethicist Arthur Caplan, who is co-directing a U.N. task force on international organ trafficking.

Rosenbaum was arrested Thursday, 10 days after meeting in his basement with a government informant and an FBI agent posing as the informant’s secretary. The agent claimed to be searching for a kidney for a sick uncle on dialysis who was on a transplant list at a Philadelphia hospital.

“I am what you call a matchmaker,” Rosenbaum said in a secretly recorded conversation. “I bring a guy what I believe, he’s suitable for your uncle.” Asked how many organs he had brokered, he said: “Quite a lot,” the most recent two weeks earlier.

As part of the scheme, the organ donors were brought from Israel to this country, where they underwent surgery to remove the kidneys, authorities said. Prosecutors did not identify which hospitals in the U.S. received the donors and their kidneys.

“The allegations about an organ trafficking ring in the United States are appalling,” said John Davis, CEO of the National Kidney Foundation.

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Australian transplant waiting list contributes to human organ black market, committee says

By political reporter Stephanie Dalzell

Mon 3 Dec 2018 ABC News

The criminal masterminds behind the illegal trade of human body parts raked in $2.3 billion around the globe last year.

About 12,000 organs were sold on the black market, and while the majority of those exchanges involved kidneys, 654 hearts and 2,615 livers were sold for up to $394,000 each.

That illegal trade will continue to grow if the Australian Government does not do more to deter human organ trafficking, according to a unanimous report handed down by a parliamentary committee.

About 1,400 Australians are currently waiting for an organ transplant, while a further 11,000 are on kidney dialysis, and the committee found if the government failed to address the gap between the number of people requiring organ transplants and the limited supply of freely donated organs, the black market would keep flourishing.

Commercial organ market

Organ	Global illicit transplants (per annum)	Price range (AUD)
Kidney	7,995	$68,000 – $163,000
Liver	2,615	$134,000 – $197,000
Heart	654	$176,000 – $394,000
Lung	469	$203,000 – $394,000
Pancreas	233	$149,000 – $190,000

The chairman of the Human Rights Sub-Committee of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade, Liberal MP Kevin Andrews, told Parliament the average waiting time for a kidney in Australia was three years.

“Desperate people often facing certain death without a transplant may travel far from their own countries to places such as Egypt, the Philippines or Pakistan, paying tens of thousands of dollars or more, for an organ transplant, where the donor is most likely in dire financial straits, possibly exploited, and unable to give free and informed consent to donation,” Mr Andrews said.

Cutting down demand

The committee’s report recommended the Australian Government pursue a range of measures to strengthen its involvement in international efforts to combat human organ trafficking, collect data on Australians involved in illegal organ trafficking overseas and also tighten criminal laws around organ harvesting.

It also concluded the Government should seek to improve organ-donation rates through ongoing funding of programs, education awareness campaigns, and the investigation of other international programs — such as opt-out organ donation.

Mr Andrews said the committee heard from many people who argued protections against the practice needed to be strengthened.

“Their evidence was consistent, organ trafficking is a violation of the rights and dignity of people and Australia must do more to stop people in our community traveling overseas to support it,”

he said.

The Government is yet to respond to the report.

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