Entropy in Information Theory and Dreaming

This from Wikipedia

Entropy { Information Theory}

In information theory, the entropy of a random variable quantifies the average level of uncertainty or information associated with the variable’s potential states or possible outcomes. This measures the expected amount of information needed to describe the state of the variable, considering the distribution of probabilities across all potential states.

Entropy in information theory is directly analogous to the entropy in statistical thermodynamics. The analogy results when the values of the random variable designate energies of microstates, so Gibbs’s formula for the entropy is formally identical to Shannon’s formula. Entropy has relevance to other areas of mathematics such as combinatorics and machine learning. The definition can be derived from a set of axioms establishing that entropy should be a measure of how informative the average outcome of a variable is. For a continuous random variable, differential entropy is analogous to entropy.

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Introduction

The core idea of information theory is that the “informational value” of a communicated message depends on the degree to which the content of the message is surprising. If a highly likely event occurs, the message carries very little information. On the other hand, if a highly unlikely event occurs, the message is much more informative. For instance, the knowledge that some particular number will not be the winning number of a lottery provides very little information, because any particular chosen number will almost certainly not win. However, knowledge that a particular number will win a lottery has high informational value because it communicates the occurrence of a very low probability event.

The information content, also called the surprisal or self-information, of an event E is a function that increases as the probability of an event p(E) decreases. When p(E) is close to one the surprisal of an event is low, if p(E) is close to zero then the surprisal of an event if it occurs is high.

There is zero surprise when the probability is one.

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Are dreams high entropy?

What happens when p(E) is close to zero?

And do dreams contain information of high informational value?

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On and off over the years I have had “intuitional discomfort” about the notion of quantum superposition states. Is it physics or our description of physics? Are we making an ersatz by making a quantum supposition, a sticking plaster for some deeper physics we do not yet understand. It does look a bit of a hotch-potch.

Quantum physics has a God-like quality which dare not be questioned…

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From Microsoft Quantum

Superposition is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, describing the condition in which a quantum system can exist in multiple states or configurations simultaneously. Classical bits can exist in two possible states, typically labeled as “0” and “1”. In contrast, because a qubit is a quantum mechanical system, it can exist in the “0” state, the “1” state, or any state that is a linear combination of 0 and 1.

Mathematically, superposition is a linear combination of “0” and “1” and can be written as:

     |ψ⟩ = α|0⟩ + β|1

where |ψ⟩ is the state of the qubit, |0⟩ and |1⟩ are the basis states (or the computational basis states), and α and β are complex numbers called probability amplitudes. The probability amplitudes determine the probability of measuring the qubit in either state when a measurement is made.

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Is the prepared qubit then “natural” or have we imbued it with information which we have decided for it in our labelling. This labelling presupposes no extra physics. A photon might have vertical polarisation, horizontal polarisation or if paired a superposition of both; horizontal and vertical as opposed to horizontal or vertical.

Unless the superposition is somehow aware of our labelling how does it know how we expect it to behave?

If one of a photon pair is measured as horizontal it must communicate that information instantaneously to its erstwhile twin.

Is it physics or information?

A good question.

How much entropy is associated with that information?

If the superposition collapses on measurement then in an idealised physics the probability of the other pair member “knowing” its state is one. It has little informational value as it comes as no surprise.

If eigenfunctions are used to prepare a description of a quantum supposition then they must have a difference in the set of quantum number qualities to be eigenfunctions. They may be energy eigenvalue degenerate in isolation but because of the difference in quantum number that degeneracy must be split, if only slightly under some condition or other, which means that they do not share entirely equal  probability on being prepared into a superposition.

The qubit will have a tiny inherent bias.

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I keep getting this sense of discomfort that there is something we are not getting and that we are happy sitting with an intuitionally uncomfortable quantum superposition description…it just seems cobbled together.

It is a bit of a mind fuck…

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Do dreams bring real world information?

If so is it surprising and of high informational value?

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I have just re-read a dream of mine from 2008 in which I see a Breton landscape and am chatting with an extroverted French man who is the spitting image physically and in behaviour of my recent physiotherapist.

Was this information, coincidence or my confirmation bias retro-fitting a dream to a current observable?

If dreams do indeed carry information then the implications of this are high.

I personally will trust what my dreams say about a situation over and above what a human being may or may not assert. If there is good physical evidence I will trust that over dream…

This notion of surprise as being a component of information {new} is interesting. The concept of information entropy in a world of fake news and a verbose Trumpian professor, is appealing.

Information and opinion are not the same. It is possible to speak for a long time without giving any reliable information which comes as no surprise. Were there to be anything new {and reliable} that would be very surprising and information rich.

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Any description or model must occlude at least partially an occult reality of some kind. Because we do not know the true and extensive nature of that reality we can at best describe it. Such a description must be informative and allow a measure of prediction as to the measurable evolution of events in space-time. We should be honest that our description is not ultimate truth. Behind all known physics there is always something occult, unseen and as yet unknown. History teaches us this

Jut kicking a few ideas around ….

Nothing may come out of it…

How Do ‘Phones Work?

Last night I was having a little trouble drifting off to sleep and it occurred to me that I do not know how mobile ‘phones work….

The first thing that came mind was that they must have analogue to digital converters (ADC). These must change voice into digital and digital into sound. Then I wondered if the carrier frequency of the ‘phone signal is amplitude or frequency modulated. Which means that there must be demodulators.

The precision or resolution in terms of bit per volt need not be overly high for sound given that the loudspeakers or headphones are not audiophile quality. High resolution at 32 or 64 bit would make for big files and large data.

But the business IS data. People want to flog you ever more data so whilst there is a speed – dollar trade off, they must be pushing towards more data throughput – more dollars.

The big bucks are in images and video which need giga-dollars to send and vast increases in the global carbon budget to store.

Who needs more selfies, vacuous influencer posts and cat videos?

The purveyors of data…you can find one on each street corner {man}.

I learned today that some ‘phones have microphones to sample background noise for noise cancelling…

If it is possible to receive a mobile phone call or SMS message it must be possible to intercept it. There is no copper or fibre optic. The message floats freely. It must be possible to clone a ‘phone. Two ‘phones receiving the same signal do not weaken it. How can you detect an intercept. You probably can’t from the intercept alone; subsequent actions might give a hint…

So how does a ‘phone uniquely identify itself as the recipient of a message / call?  Has it a unique identity? In principle yes, but these must also not be clone proof…If you can set up digital identity on one ‘phone its should be possible to copy it.

When a call comes does it open a gate which allows the ‘phone company to allow the message to flow? There must be some “switch” flicked.

“Hey, I am ready for your call..”

People talk of end to end encryption? How does that work? Is there a sender’s key and a receiver’s key. How easily copied are these keys?

Which caused the ancillary question how does this encryption work?

I suspect that calls and data fly around willy nilly without people worrying about intercepts.

As an aside we have recently watched a number of “spy” dramas in which people are using their mobile ‘phones to chat, text and take pictures of evidence. It seems markedly non clandestine to me. Is this real life or transference of ‘phone junkie thinking into drama? Surely you would not take a traceable device into a sneaky meeting with your favourite mole on a Berlin bridge?

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Quantum communication has seen some big announcements in 2024, with smartphone markets and data centers turning to the technology for secure and robust data security that can be trusted. IDTechEx’s report, “Quantum Communication Market 2024-2034: Technology, Trends, Players, Forecasts”, details the many national and international benefits and uses for quantum communication alongside some of the main challenges of implementation.

Safer smartphone security

 Smartphones today contain an abundance of personal data, including passwords to banking and email accounts and online purchase histories. 2024 saw the announcement of the Galaxy Quantum 5, with Samsung literally alluding to the smartphone’s quantum capabilities with its name. The smallest quantum random number generator available has been installed within the device to provide users with the highest levels of authentication and encryption, ensuring that communications and authentication features are safe and can be trusted. As smartphones today are relied upon as small computers that can access and store any information, quantum technology will enable them to do their job reliably and securely.

{https://www.idtechex.com/en/research-article/quantum-communication-satellites-and-smart-phone-security/32332}

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As usual there is a hyper large amount of hype.

The Q word has cropped up already…

It kind of suggests that ownership of the quantum key is the route to secure call and answer communication. The pitfall of any QKD has to be trust. If you do not trust the locksmith… who assures you that the key is unique – you are buggered. That is unless you yourself supply the key. {possible idea here?}

 One could imagine a quantum spam blocker…

Basically the best assurance against being spied upon is introversion. If you don’t say anything it can’t be heard.

Maybe I need to get a “Mobile ‘Phone Communications for Dummies” book…

Clearly I don’t know how the devil spawned devices work…

The Nature of Consciousness – Roger Penrose Dream 24-02-2026

Here is this morning’s dream had between 4 and 7 AM.

The dream opens with me conversing mind-to-mind or telepathically with another being. We are looking down at a gathering of Tibetan Buddhists, lamas. They are dressed in robes and at the edge of the gathering, very much at arm’s length is Charlie, a nagal’s courier.

I say-think, “unfortunately Charlie is not very bright, not very intelligent. He is not intelligent enough to realise that he lacks intelligence and therefore assumes that he knows correctly a lot more than he does. It is a common problem that people are not sufficiently intelligent to understand their own lack of a well-honed intellect. As a consequence there is adamant assertion without open critical thinking.”

“Yes this is true people assume they know and understand more than they do and can be dogmatic.” Is the reply.

I then look again at the gang or committee of lamas.

“The difficulty with the Tibetans is that they have a vested interest in being the world experts in meditation and consciousness. It is a part of their brand. They may indeed have studied Buddhist texts and the Tibetan canon and may be expert thereupon but their thinking is developed only in one area. They have not a diverse nor modern intellect. They are arrogant and not open to external thinking, they want to incorporate things into their perspective solely. It is not a two way street. They may be intelligent but they do not have a far reaching wide knowledge based intellect incorporating science. In short they are a closed shop and stuck in their ways. They are not approachable in any meaningful way because they must be, in their eyes, the experts. They do not understand that they are insular.”

I go on.

“There is a limit to so-called pure consciousness. It needs grounded and generalised via an expansive and inclusive intellect. The latter word inclusive being of great importance. There is nothing you can do when people do not have the intelligence to understand that their intelligence is limited and closed off. You cannot explain to someone something about which they lack the intelligence to understand or encompass. It is by definition almost, an impossible thing.”

“Yes. Sometimes you can only go so far.”

“There are jhanas, states of consciousness and expansive awareness, past what most of these have ever perceived. There is no way that you can convince an expert.”

The scene changes and I am in a medical / dental consultation in Edinburgh. I am with a man who is slightly older than me, his post doc researcher and a couple of younger graduate students. He is a psychologist – neuroscientist and wearing a white lab coat. He has grey wispy hair and spectacles. His postdoc is Hispanic. She has long very dark hair and is wearing blue jeans and a hoody, hood down. They are making some measurements on my brain using electrodes. I am sat in what looks like a dentist chair.

I am explaining to him that the problem with neuroscientists trying to understand consciousness is that they lack the training in meditative technique. They have no understanding personally of the states  they are trying to measure. They are measuring like blind men who have never been there. It is like making a map of a land which they have never set foot upon. The intellectual understanding of consciousness is limited therefore to rational supposition. Only a truly great intellect could “hold” and understand these states without direct personal experience of being “there”. A mind would have to be very versatile and expansive yet well controlled and quiet.

I say that maybe I should talk with Roger Penrose about the nature of consciousness.  He perhaps might understand and get the gist. If one verbalizes a state of consciousness well one can “take” another mind “there” at least partially. One can build a “picture” which might be partially shared and imagined.

The guy is initially interested.

I ask him that given he is a psych-neuro would he like to collaborate with me and Roger Penrose on a book? He no longer has to worry about his career as he is essentially emeritus.

He  thanks me for the invitation but he does not believe that I can add anything beyond what “they” the neuroscientists already know. He declines. He thinks that I am waffling.

I think that he does not know that he does not know. His intellect will not understand how limited his understanding is nor where his knowledge ends...

I awake; the dream ends.

Is Knowledge Important ?

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The knowledge economy, or knowledge-based economy, is an economic system in which the production of goods and services is primarily driven by knowledge-intensive activities that contribute to the advancement of technical and scientific innovation. The key element of value in this paradigm lies in the increased reliance on human capital and intellectual property as primary sources of innovative ideas, information, and practices. Organizations are called upon to leverage this “knowledge” in their production processes to stimulate and consolidate their business development. This approach is characterized by reduced dependence on physical inputs and natural resources. A knowledge-based economy is founded on the crucial role of intangible assets within organisations as an enabler of modern economic growth.”

Excerpted from Wikipedia

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There are various schools of thought which suggest that in modern times knowledge is a key factor in economic success. That knowledge must be commercially exploitable and can include skills and artisanal know-how. As recent world events suggest, access to natural resources remains of high geo-political importance. Venezuelan oil being an obvious marker.

In my view this schematic is a tad idealistic, it does not mention socio-political barriers and vested interests. One might say that recent changes in US policy have moved away from the notion of a knowledge economy back towards gun boat aircraft carrier diplomacy.

Just like AI has been shown to hallucinate it is a moot point as to whether the so-called AI investment boom is also a group or herd like hallucination among humans. FOMO investments can have bubble-bursts.

The knowledge which has pecuniary value relates only to profit. There is little attention paid to altruistic knowledge. To live only for profit and gain is unbalanced. In the eyes of some there may be more to life and living than that. Not everyone agrees.

One could argue that I am an example of how the so-called knowledge economy failed to make use of a resource. It failed. I failed. Either way I am now retired and doing gardening and DIY.

“You lose what you do not use.”

Is an axiom which has perhaps wide applicability. Knowledge which is not applied and practised can no longer be recalled. The edge of its blade becomes blunted by rust. Slowly like an untended path in the woods it becomes overgrown, deserted and before long nobody remembers that it is there or ever was there. As an older person I have seen how scientific knowledge from many decades ago has to be reinvented because people cannot find it so easily in online search engines. Because search engines are now biased to the fee paying advertiser, much knowledge is now lost in far flung unvisited corners of the internet, there to gather spiders and webs.

It is reasonable to assume that whatever knowledge I may have will die with me. That may not be a great loss but it is an example, of how people may talk a good game. But when push comes to shove knowledge is rarely as important as self-promotion. There is nobody queuing up to learn from me. And by now I am too hermit-like to converse.

There is a danger that human evolution, despite all the advances in technology, is taking a backward step towards a new dark age. An age where image and sound-byte becomes a new Goebbels-reality. An age where short snappy mind numbing mantra replace thought and consideration. An age in which metrics and graphs bury substance and worth in cold clammy tombs. Bullet point thinking is not knowledge and not wisdom.

I think popularity and fame have removed knowledge and wisdom from the mantelpiece above our hearths. Shiny, flashy and chav dominate; viral despite COVID remains a term indicative of success.

It may seem strange but I think that the pool of available knowledge is actually shrinking, it is becoming more standardised and subject to peer approval. Loss of diversity is generally bad for ecosystem; it is an indicator of environmental decline.

I think that genuine knowledge is becoming much less important than claimed or asserted knowledge. The tendency is away from the unfathomable and profound towards the safety of the shallows and the common. I suspect that reputation has become more important than knowledge.

Once diversity has been lost it is very hard to replace. Same is not often best. Clone-think tends to be counter-evolutionary.

Once knowledge has been lost it is not easily restored. Value for money seems to be the main arbiter of which knowledge survives and is nurtured. There is a very short term outlook.

Sometimes we are so stubborn, adamant and omniscient that we can only learn through loss.

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“Only when the last tree has been cut down, the last fish been caught, and the last stream poisoned, will we realize we cannot eat money.”

Native American Proverb

Following the footsteps of a rag doll dance…

Not all cultural references are directly transferable some are “time of life” and others are “time of man” related.  I personally view myself as being on the conservative side in that outwardly I am not outlandish. It always used to amuse me how the “goths” had less of an idea of the shadows than I did.

But Siouxsie et al. were definitely a part to the soundtrack of my life.

In the “A Discovery of Witches” TV series the notion of the main protagonist being spellbound has come to the fore. In which her parents cast a spell which both hid and prevented the usage of her powers. She was literally bound by spell or spell bound. The narrative suggests that this practice was usually reserved for insane witches and that it was a harsh thing to do, to prevent the person from living to their full potential, to inhibit and otherwise hinder them. The back story is that the “creatures” are forced to hide from the discriminatory humans and their notions of normality. Humans are depicted as prejudiced. The story also has “time-walker” as a top echelon witchcraft skill. A lot of the plot revolves around “powers” of a magical and special kind. Power ever being the motivator for political intrigue, shenanigan and skullduggery. Somehow Diana is able to summon an old text which may or may not hold the secret(s).

In physics a lot of stock is made upon observables and making an observation. If one in any way makes an observation one changes the system. For example if one “observes” a photon using a detector that photon changes the energy state of an electron. The photon ceases to be. The energy has been transformed from one thing to another. At a very local and very tiny level every act of observation changes the system.  Science rhetoric is less explicit as to the nature of interpretation and subsequent assimilation caused by the observation, the act of observation. One could say that the observation of a “handful” of particles in a science experiment can have a truly dramatic and wide ranging impact because of interpretation and assimilation to or with a previously held thought form or model. I might infer that a photon is the witness to an act of proton transfer. My observation hints at a physical process. Any observation changes the system and it cannot be undone. If I talk about it down the pub that handful of photons triggers synapses and a train of thought heads off on whichever trajectories.

I have always had a few problems with the notion of time travel because of observation. It is impossible to travel back in time without altering its forward propagation. Although pleasant as an artistic and entertaining notion it is philosophically tricky. {Ok there may be some time reversal events at sub atomic levels that I am unaware of but these may be mathematical legerdemain}. In terms of karma time travel is also problematic.

In my mind it raises an interesting thought line. “Does reminiscence alter the past or merely our recollection and narrative assimilation thereof?” We do not travel back in time to the acts of perception but how we retell what we “remember” does change our futures because our basis for world interpretation has altered if only slightly.

If for example you held a view that I was a complete bastard and you hated my guts, then any future interaction would be coloured by this framing. If on reminiscing you decided I was only a partial bastard then you have already changed the future. Your change of mind changes the future(s).

Time-walking may be seen as a reinterpretation of events previously observed. Bearing in mind that the apparatus of observation must of course be error prone and never 100% accurate. Not all instruments are sensitive nor well calibrated. We do not actually go back in “physical” time rather review our mental registers of how we have constructed the time evolving narratives. We could re-consider, re-view and possibly re-perceive. Much like an astronomer may apply correction factors to space telescope raw data. There is some “algorithm” which enables (perhaps) a more reliable assimilation. We may refuse to apply said algorithm because we are stuck in our ways and like to cling to old perceptions, prejudices and world views.

The quantum mechanics of a 75kg lump of wet proteins and fats going backwards {or forwards} in time do not seem plausible. Perception and “mind” however are clearly much less physically tangible. In a sense these may be able to travel along what might be called time-registers. In the absence of matter time has no meaning. In a sense time as it is measured is a property of matter (vibration or time to travel between spatial coordinates). How we currently measure time is by the observation of photons in a fancy physics rig.

To extrapolate wildly by measuring time we are changing our futures.

Unacceptable Hypotheses

How we view and to an extent assimilate our notion of world is underpinned by a number of hypotheses which we may deem fact or gospel. Counter hypotheses are therefore cognitively unacceptable. This is because they can literally change our world and view thereof. Different hypotheses can upset the mundane power balance. And we cannot allow that can we.

For a long time, according to history, mankind imagined a flat Earth with earth at the centre of all things heavenly. Others suggested a heliocentric solar system and a quasi-spherical planet. Such views were considered heretic and punishable. For a long time the hypotheses of heliocentricity and orb-like planet were totally unacceptable especially to those in power, in the church. The infallibility of a human pope kept bums on seat and pennies on the collection plate. The infallibility of the pope was deemed factual and not hypothetical. It was the sort of “fact” that was enforced at the end of a blade or a noose.

Human history is littered with old hypotheses which have been used as the reason for slaughter. Hypotheses can be used to justify blood and murder.

The implications of a spherical globe are significantly different from a flat “2d” world. There is no edge off of which to sail. Without a round planet we would not have satellite TV nor surveillance satellites. A flat earth would be bad for NSA and CIA. The hypothesis of a quasi-spherical planet is game-changing in its implications.

An example of a hypothesis which is unacceptable to some is that Jesus was and is the long promised biblical messiah, the saviour. A significant population in the world find such a hypothesis unacceptable. No rabbi could accept this hypothesis and others see him more as a significant prophet. Were a rabbi to accept such a hypothesis it would radically change the assimilation of world and the recounting and recollection of history. You can argue that there is a vested interest not to accept such a hypothesis.

Some hypothesis cannot therefore be accepted because the implication of accepting them is too vast, it changes far too much.

Scientific causality and locality was a notion of Newtonian mechanics. Quantum entanglement kind of fucked with this idea and people like Einstein found this a swede masher and difficult to accept. Nowadays there is a burgeoning quantum aspect to science, business and technology.  

One could argue that there is precedent for old, dated hypotheses giving way to newer more widely applicable ones. Things of significant implication always face resistance and slow uptake.

I like the idea of a how a change in hypothesis can fundamentally and significantly alter how a world is and has been assimilated. A benign example of this is when adopted children find out they have been adopted and search out the backstory. The world is turned upside down for a while, perhaps permanently. Modern DNA testing has scuppered many a dubious narrative about parenthood. The hypothesis that Bob was dad to Alice was incorrect, it was Sergei in reality.

A while back somebody insisted that I was a so-called Man of Action and for many years dozens of people interacted with me on the basis of that hypothesis. It underpinned their assimilation of our interaction. It was a hypothesis which may not have been well founded. People might struggle to re-assimilate the world and the nature of interaction given an alternate notion.

Hypothesis can be a close relative of assumption. The working assumption here in France is that I am “anglais”. It is the first “hypothesis”. It is pretty easy to change intellectual understanding of this but still people behave towards me as if I have the same orientation as an English. Although the hypothesis has changed its latent implementation remains.

Based on various visions and dreams I have had one can draw up at least two different hypothetical explanations. These might be radically different in implication both locally for me and more globally.

The simplest explanation is that the nocturnal dreams and waking visons are a form of hallucinatory psychosis. I am off  my trolley and provided that I don’t cause any discomfort / break laws there is no need to have me locked up in a psychiatric unit. I am not a threat to anyone and by and large understand my day to day reality such a taxes and medical appointments. Although socially isolated I am not dangerous to myself or others. This is a facile hypothesis with only a very local implication. It does not impinge outside of our immediate geo-location.

Another interpretation is that some of the dreams are to do with previous incarnations of mine. If we accept this as a hypothesis then we can assimilate an explanatory narrative which has me having several Buddhist flavoured lives etc. As this stands it  has no wide implication. It is the sort of thing someone well into their cups might claim down the local boozer. No drama. Just another hippy-trippy fruitcake believing something which cannot be proved nor directly unequivocally disproved. Disproof is implied from lack of proof. If however this points at a tulku incarnation of a high lama, this has wide implication in at least one context. Some would struggle to accept this as a hypothesis specifically because of the way they see me and have behaved towards me. It would need a rewrite of life narrative.

This points at an obvious. Hypothesis can not ever be completely separated from context; they are nearly always highly context specific.

In 2009 I had a “conversation” early one morning walking around a wood near Tring. In that I was told that I was a very close disciple of Buddha, Siddartha. Implied that I had been a contemporary of him and spent time with him. The default hypothesis of psychotic hallucination or schizophrenic voice hearing explains this easily.

To accept the “conversation” as factual or hypothetically correct would be a push for some, particularly those who have made my acquaintance.

In 2011 I had a dream which pointed at Bakula one of Buddha’s closet disciples, a scholar who came late to the path according to text. He is named as arhat in scripture and hagiography has him as an enlightened being. I am less convinced that enlightenment of a disciple happens in a single lifetime just from hanging out with the Siddhartha dude. In certain circumstances he is revered as a kind of Buddhist “saint”. Prior to the dream I had no conscious memory of having heard the name Bakula.

The facile invocation of grandiose psychotic dreaming is easily made. Maybe I want to be important subconsciously and made up a story to make me significant.

For me to accept it as hypothetically possible is not tricky. For others it may be harder. For example what does one do with that? How does one treat a reincarnated person who actually met and hung with Siddartha? What is the precedent? What is the protocol?

Quickly such a hypothesis becomes cognitively unacceptable. It cannot be proven true and it would take more evidence than Mulder and Scully could ever furnish for it to be believed, no matter how much we may want to believe. I’ll suggest that there may be many hypotheses which describe an aspect of reality which are totally unacceptable. These hypotheses may be before their time. In time they may become less unacceptable until such time as people are ready to believe them.

Careful if you believe, you might fall off the edge of your world…

Alice & Bob – Quantum Jobs

Prompted by the answer to a question on University Challenge, I typed Alice and Bob into the font of paid for promotion previously known as a search engine. The Mecca of product placed wisdom came up with a French quantum start up called Alice and Bob. They have received 100 million series B funding. They also have a fairly extensive job vacancy list. It was a tad French and probably not overly attractive internationally except for those fond of Alice in Paris Francophiles. French job descriptions can be as rigid as a rigid thing. They do not travel well.

Maybe there is a general shortage of quantum savvy job applicants….

It occurred to me that the Quantum hype has been drowned out by the deafening AI roar. Maybe it has gone submarine like AUKUS.

That Luddite Herr Trump has been threatening the Harvard intellectual property (IP) portfolio. What a great way to ensure the death of US inventiveness and technological superiority, discourage invention and application for patents unless they are handled by MAGA lawyers, toadies and sycophants!! Already the incentive to NOT have an idea whilst at a university is high, because contractually the university owns your IP. Best stifle ideas until you are a free thinker…

Sometimes holes can be difficult to get out of. That can include ways of thinking and playbooks.

It looks like Herr Trump is going to try again to leverage Ukraine into accepting a fait accompli agreed with Vlad the Impaler in Alaska. This forceful manipulation is an old Trump play. If he keeps alienating people, he may find himself in a hole like increasingly Billy-no-mates Israel. Trump does not understand that “friend” has a different meaning in KGB speak.

Oh look another groundhog…where did that come from….

What is the first rule when you find yourself in a hole?

Human beings can be pig-headed and stubborn. Inventive people do not share the same deal or no deal mentality as realtors. They are easily discouraged and disincentivised. One day the straw goes on the camel’s back, one too many.

Sometimes that tired old play book simply does not work. Thinking the same way that gets you into a problem cannot help to get you out of it.

There is no point in trying to explain this to someone who is vehemently adamant that they know best. Advice is as unwelcome as a dose of antibiotic resistant syphilis.

Some people are obsessed at the notion of a “corporate” solution when none exists. They may get all their ducks in line to present someone with a fait accompli sure that such a thing is irresistible. Even so-called intelligent people like professors can think like this. They can seek within group consensus oblivious that people outside the Olympian Ivory Towers do not think like them. This may not occur.

It is quackers.

People often talk with the monkey and ignore the organ grinder completely…

Anyway…

Has AI killed off the notion of quantum computation?

Where will they put all the server farms?

Is this what our future looks like?

Gedankenexperiment – Quantum Telepathy or Quantum Telekinesis

In the background I have been mulling over whether to attempt to draft a patent application concerning quantum telepathy as it might be applied to the current groovy quantum area. This morning between a sleep and waking a question appeared to mind, “Quantum Telepathy or Quantum Telekinesis?”

I’ll make an initial comment.

It is safe for me to publicly publish my speculations on-line because in no way can they detrimentally harm any career of mine at some august institution into which I might have been sectioned under the mental health act. I am free to make a fool or an arse of myself because it cannot negatively impact on tenure or promotion.

There has been a lot of interest in things called parapsychology among the public if not academia. Taboos remain. The notions of telepathy and telekinesis have not yet been proven extant, though they are found throughout culture and in some cases religion. We have Professor Charles Xavier and the X-men, we have spoon benders. In Buddhism we have Abhijñā or higher powers.

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Abhijñā

In the Pali Canon, the higher knowledges are often enumerated in a group of six or of three types of knowledge.

The six types of higher knowledges (chalabhiññā) are:

  • “Higher powers” (iddhi-vidhā), such as walking on water and through walls;
  • “Divine ear” (dibba-sota), that is, clairaudience;
  • “Mind-penetrating knowledge” (ceto-pariya-ñāṇa), that is, telepathy;
  • “Remember one’s former abodes” (pubbe-nivāsanussati), causal memory, that is, recalling one’s own past lives;
  • “Divine eye” (dibba-cakkhu), that is, knowing others’ karmic destinations; and,
  • “Extinction of mental intoxicants” (āsavakkhaya), upon which arahantship follows.

From Wikipedia

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Your common or garden scientist is unlikely to have much credulity for these, though the script writer might. There have been experiments to test extra sensory perception using inter alia Zener cards.

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I don’t know about you, but these images a very boring, I could have used the F word in participle here. Who in their right mind would be excited to transmit or receive these? Not me, YAWN.

If you were to construct an experiment on telekinesis without Magneto you might want to start with the tiniest measurable change, something with a vanishing mass something like 1×10−18 eV/c2. In other words photons. If the mind can move anything or change anything then photons are a good starter for ten. They move quick but don’t weigh much.

In the field of quantum technology one branch pertains to spontaneous parametric down conversion. In this a single photon is “destroyed” “annihilated” and two daughter photons are “created”. Momentum of all types ought to be conserved. Under low light level conditions these daughter photons can be created in a quantum superposition state. Where their polarisation is a mix of horizontal and vertical polarisation, that is until said state in measured. If you measure one photon to have vertical polarisation then the other must have horizontal polarisation. The quantum superposition state collapses. The two photons somehow have information about the state of each other. This transfer of information is a faster than  speed of light thing. One photon says on measurement, “hey, I am vertical” and telepathically the other photon knows “I am horizontal.” The photons have a mind of their own and unless they are really clever, they do not know how we label them or describe them.  They do not care what we think or how we describe.

The photons could, to stretch things, be said to be in telepathic rapport with each other.

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At the single photon level the notion of polarisation is a bit tricky. Polarisation is a wave-like, multiphoton, phenomenon.  It describes how a bunch of photons pass through a selective physical device. There is a bit of magic between the descriptions of single photons and the more bulk properties, perhaps a grey area of science in the statistics of low particle count number. A single photon may fail to pass through a polarisation gate which means that its twin photon is allowed to go through, to get past the bouncers and into the night club. If the first photon is not on the guest list, its twin must be.

The physics when carried out over many events predicts well the number of horizontal and vertical photons. The detection of a horizontally polarised photon accurately predicts the arrival in time, and hence path length, of its erstwhile conjoined twin. The first observation operation separates the conjoined twins. One can accurately time bin polarisation heralded photons.

We now have a candidate scenario for a parapsychology experiment which has a miniscule change in terms of mass {momentum} and a binary change in terms of information.

If one was to try to influence the weighting of the quantum superposition state, the entangled state, in the equation above one could perturb the normal statistically verifiable distribution. In the equation above the horizontal and vertical are given equal weighting, 50:50 not ‘phone a friend.

By telepathy one might read and perhaps alter the information, by telekinesis one might rotate the polarisation sate weighting in the entangled pair. Conferring a more horizontal bias to one of the conjoined pair. It would be semantic if it is information or property which is altered.

To meditate  in a dark room with lasers is not to everyone’s taste. It was once to mine, the so-called Zen of laser alignment. It is a good, isolated environment for experimentation.

I think I might have the bones of an experiment which offers more likelihood of success than trying to mind-to-mind boring cards.